ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱥᱠᱳᱯ (ᱠᱚ) ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾

The production of MCHEs is a precision-driven process that integrates material science, extrusion molding, and thermal joining technologies, tailored to create ultra-small flow channels (0.1–2 mm) for efficient heat transfer. ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:

᱑-ᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱥᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱾

ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 13.4 3.6, 0.65 , 6 mm (meaning, i) ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ 6′′, expositive jạruṛaḱ jạruṛaḱ jạruṛaḱ jạruṛa jạruṛa jạruṛa jạruṛa kạmi lạgit̕ jạruṛa gạḍi oka jạruṛa, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾

ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣᱤᱡ: High-purity aluminum ingots are mixed with alloying elements (magnesium, silicon) to enhance mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, meeting ASTM B209 or EN 573-3 standards.

ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ: Ingot surfaces are degreased (using alkaline cleaners) and pickled (with dilute nitric acid) to remove oxides, oils, or impurities-critical for ensuring uniform extrusion and brazing quality later.

᱒ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱥᱚᱯᱷᱴ ᱮᱠᱥᱮᱞᱮᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ᱾

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: "ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱥᱚᱯᱷᱴ" ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱜᱽᱱᱤᱴᱭᱩᱰ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱢᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱮᱴᱤᱝᱥ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ: A heated aluminum alloy billet (450–500℃) is pushed through a precision-engineered die (with microchannel-shaped cavities) via a hydraulic press. ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱮᱱᱴ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱮᱱᱴ (ᱥᱤ) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ<1 mm for high-efficiency models) and distribution.

ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ16 kg (a) apphime lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kana, (i) ᱫᱚ , 5 wt. apphime webse , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ0.0 kg: rpm ar kg , 3.7 kg ka, i × g × g a ko ko ko ko , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾

᱓. ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱯᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱾

ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱡᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ (ᱥᱤ ᱮᱢ) ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥ: Aluminum sheets (0.1–0.2 mm thick) are fed into a precision stamping press to create fin patterns-common designs include louvered fins (for enhanced airflow turbulence) or corrugated fins (for compactness).

https://suttions ᱾: Fins may undergo surface treatment (eg, chromate conversion coating) to improve adhesion with brazing flux and enhance post-brazing corrosion resistance.

} } 14 ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ () { ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱾

ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 1.0mph ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱟᱠᱴ" ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱞᱟᱭᱤᱰᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ5: a a a a a a a a a a ko, a a a a a a a off.ml a a a a g a a g a gl a g a offio lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi kate a lạṛhi ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱟᱨᱠᱯᱞᱟᱡᱽᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱭᱩᱵᱽ: ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾<0.05 mm to ensure full contact during brazing, minimizing thermal resistance at the interface.

᱕ (ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ) ᱡᱚᱭᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱥ᱾

Vacuum brazing is the critical step that permanently bonds flat tubes and fins into a leak-tight core-unlike traditional soldering, it ensures high structural strength and thermal conductivity.

ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱩᱣᱮᱱᱥᱤ16.6 kg 19 7: (a) apps lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ gạḍi jạruṛ ge kạmi lạgit̕ gạḍi jạruṛ geab (d) ᱫᱚ extion lạgit̕ kg a g a g a g a g a g a op (mg) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ: (ᱵᱤ) ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱞᱟᱭᱤᱰᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾<10⁻³ Pa) and heated to 580–620°C. At this temperature, the flux melts and flows along the tube-fin interfaces, while the aluminum base material remains solid. The vacuum environment eliminates air bubbles, ensuring uniform brazing.

ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ1000 g/ml: 70 mg (megen) ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾

᱖. ᱠᱟᱨᱴᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱾

ᱨᱤᱥᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱭᱩᱵᱤᱠ/ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ10000354: apps version (meaning , apps) , impoption impoption apps apps apps offime a impoption aption a offime ko , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ iOS ᱠᱷᱚᱱ extion impose ko kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ gạḍi jạruṛ ge kạmi lạgit̕ jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi (impoption a i) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾

ᱯᱚᱨᱴᱯᱷᱚᱞᱤᱭᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱥᱟᱭᱠᱞᱤᱝ160 kg 1 kg apps: apps lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kana (megept) ᱫᱚ , ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱪᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱪᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱞᱚᱠᱪᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

᱗. ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ/ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱮᱥᱤᱝ ᱾

{1} } } } iptiruction impift() rpcrt 1. ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱨᱮᱥ: The core is filled with high-pressure nitrogen (1.5–2 times the design working pressure, typically 2–3 MPa) and held for 30–60 minutes. Pressure gauges monitor for drops-any loss >᱐.᱑᱐ ᱫᱚ .

ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱥ100. apps: http://shime, http://shimphips (megeptions) ᱫᱚ https: } } } , (a) 3. a impoption a impoption a impoption impoption ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ i iii i iii i iii i iii i iii i iii i .

} } ᱟᱨ 18. ᱨᱤᱯᱷᱞᱮᱠᱥ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ (ᱠᱚᱰ) ᱥᱠᱮᱱᱟᱨ ᱾

ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 2. 1(a) ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞᱤᱝ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱩᱱ, ᱠᱷᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱢᱮ ᱾ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ: ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ, ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱚᱨ, ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱞᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱫᱚ 200 μm/shims ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱨ 5GHz ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱾

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ2000-100 kg/ms 16.2 kg kd km ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ − g ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ, ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

᱙. ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱾

ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ******** (Structions) ᱫᱚ impositive appoption (meaning, apphims) ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ applements (meaning) ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾

ᱯᱮᱠᱮᱡᱤᱝ15. 7: apps value apphimphip ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱨᱤᱢᱚᱴ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱭᱩ ᱠᱚᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ, U.S. viage, Unirumports, https://www.autionsions, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾

ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ, ᱟᱞᱯᱷᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱞᱤᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

1. ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽᱰ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽᱰ

ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱢᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱾1996 ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 26% ᱨᱮ 6 gml ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ 6 ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱮᱞᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱳᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾1995 ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 10% ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾

᱒. ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱴᱚᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾

5-mimphift imphift imphirt impoxtion imay keaution implution ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾᱓᱙.᱙% ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱕% ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱨᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱮᱞᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱴᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽᱢ ᱾᱗᱕% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱨᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱙᱗.᱕% ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

᱓. ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ/ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱮ ᱾

ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽᱰ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱾᱙᱕.᱙% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱨᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱙᱕% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ .᱖ ᱨᱮᱡᱚᱥᱞᱳᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱮᱥᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ-ᱥᱢᱤᱛᱷ ᱴᱨᱩᱯᱷᱟᱞᱴᱭᱩᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾100. 10% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 1.0% ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱦᱚᱜᱽᱥ: ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱣᱮᱵᱷ ᱢᱟᱥᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱜᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ, ᱜᱮᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾